摘要 由于对人类食用鱼产品的安全问题日益关注，越来越多的药用化学品被禁止在水产养殖中使用。因此，越来越多地使用中草药，创造了“绿色药物”一词的使用。研究表明，中草药对鱼类有许多有益作用，包括促进生长、增强抗病能力和改善肉质。中草药中发现了许多有效成分，具有促进采食量、改善肉味、增加消化酶活性等作用。它们还调节和参与提高鱼类特异性和非特异性免疫的过程；然而，中草药的成分非常复杂，往往很难确定有效成分。本文就中草药在生长与饲料利用、免疫与抗病、养殖鱼肉品质等方面的最新研究和应用进展进行综述。还讨论了中草药化学成分的研究和中草药在鱼类养殖中的应用问题。本文最后提出，未来中草药的研究应着眼于如何廉价地提炼和提取经典中草药中的有效成分，以及如何在水产养殖中有效利用它们。本文就中草药在生长与饲料利用、免疫与抗病、养殖鱼肉品质等方面的最新研究和应用进展进行综述。还讨论了中草药化学成分的研究和中草药在鱼类养殖中的应用问题。本文最后提出，未来中草药的研究应着眼于如何廉价地提炼和提取经典中草药中的有效成分，以及如何在水产养殖中有效利用它们。本文就中草药在生长与饲料利用、免疫与抗病、养殖鱼肉品质等方面的最新研究和应用进展进行综述。还讨论了中草药化学成分的研究和中草药在鱼类养殖中的应用问题。本文最后提出，未来中草药的研究应着眼于如何廉价地提炼和提取经典中草药中的有效成分，以及如何在水产养殖中有效利用它们。还讨论了中草药化学成分的研究和中草药在鱼类养殖中的应用问题。本文最后提出，未来中草药的研究应着眼于如何廉价地提炼和提取经典中草药中的有效成分，以及如何在水产养殖中有效利用它们。还讨论了中草药化学成分的研究和中草药在鱼类养殖中的应用问题。本文最后提出，未来中草药的研究应着眼于如何廉价地提炼和提取经典中草药中的有效成分，以及如何在水产养殖中有效利用它们。

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Research Progress in the Application of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Aquaculture: A Review

Abstract Due to increasing safety concerns regarding human consumption of fish products, an increasing number of medicinal chemicals are prohibited from use in aquaculture。 As a result, Chinese herbal medicines are being increasingly used, coining the use of the term “green medicine。” Research shows that Chinese herbal medicines have many beneficial effects on fish, including growth promotion, enhancement of disease resistance, and improvement in meat quality。 Many effective ingredients have been discovered in Chinese herbal medicines, which function to promote feed intake, improve meat flavor, and increase digestive enzyme activity。

They also regulate and participate in processes that improve the specific and non-specific immunity of fish; however, the composition of Chinese herbal medicines is very complex and it is often difficult to identify the effective ingredients。 This article reviews the latest research and application progress in Chinese herbal medicines regarding growth and feed utilization, immunity and disease resistance, and the meat quality of cultured fish。 It also discusses research on the chemical constituents of classical Chinese medicinal herbs and problems with the application of Chinese herbal medicines in fish culture。

This article concludes by proposing that future studies on Chinese herbal medicines should focus on how to cheaply refine and extract the effective ingredients in classical Chinese medicinal herbs, as well as how to use them efficiently in aquaculture。